Town Traders and Craftsperson

TOWN TRADERS AND CRAFTPERSONS

QUESTION ANSWERS

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:-

1.     Towns were divided into how many categories?

Ans: Town were divided into 3 categories.

a.     Administrative towns

b.     Temple towns

c.      Commercial towns

2.     Why was Thanjavur regarded as a great town?

Ans: Because:-

a.      Thanjavur was the capital of Chola dynasty.

b.     It was a temple town having Rajarajeshwara temple in it.

c.      It functioned for multipurpose.

3.     How was water supplied to the city of Thanjavur?

Ans: The water was supplied through Perennial river Kaveri, wells and tanks.

4.     What do you mean by Mandappa?

Ans: Mandapa was a place where king held court and issued orders to their subordinates.

5.     What was the work of Saliya weavers of Thanjavur and Uraiyur town?

Ans: The work of Saliya weavers of Thanjavur and Uraiyur towns was:--

a.     They were busy in producing cloth for flags to be used in the temple towns.

b.     Fine cotton for the king and nobility was woven.

c.      Coarse cotton was woven for the masses.

6.     What do you mean by urbanization?

Ans: The process by which cities were developed.

7.     Why did king endowed temple with grant of the land and money?

Ans: King endowed temple with grant of land and money to carry out elaborated rituals, feed pilgrims and priests and for celebrating festivals.

8.     For what purpose temple authorities used their money?

Ans: Temple authorities used their wealth to finance trade and banking.

9.     Who settled near temples and why?

Ans: A large number of priests, workers, artisans, traders etc. settled near the temple to cater their needs .

10.Which pilgrim centre developed into town ship?

Ans: Varindavan in Uttarpradesh and Tiruvannamalai in TamilNadu were the pilgrim centers developed into the township.

11.What was the capital of Chauhan kings in the twelfth century and what did it became under the Mughals?

Ans: Ajmer (Rajasthan) was the capital of Chauhan kings in the twelfth century and it became the suba head quarter under the Mughals.

12. Which Sufi saint attracted devotees from all the creeds?

Ans: Khwaja Muinuddin Chishti

13.Explain the architectural feature of Hampi?

Ans:

1.     Hampi reveals a well-fortified city.

2.     No mortars or cementing agent was used in the construction of walls.

3.      

4.     The teachings followed was to wedge them together by interlocking.

5.     The architecture of Hampi was distinctive.

6.     Buildings in the royal complex had splendid arches, domes and pillared halls.

7.     They also had well planned orchards and pleasure gardens with sculptural motifs such as the lotus and corbels.

14.By whom Hampi was fallen into ruin?  

Ans: Hampi was fallen into ruin by the Deccan Sultans, the rulers of Golconda, Bijapur, Ahmedabad, Berar and Bidar in the defeat of Vijayanagara in 1565.

15.Which were the two important guilds in south India?

Ans: Manigramam and Nanadesi.

16.Write a difference between present day taxes and past day taxes?

Ans:

SNO.	PRESENT DAY TAXES	PAST DAY TAXES
1.	Taxes were on salt and saffron.	Taxes are on houses, electricity, roads, income etc.
2.	Taxes were collected by temple authorities.	Taxes are collected by the governments.
3.	Taxes were collected in cash or kind.	Taxes are collected in cash and cheque.
4.	Taxes were used for the maintenance of army, weapons and horses.	Taxes are used for the welfare of the people.

17.Why did Surat decline towards the end of the 17^th century?

Ans:

1.     Loss of property.

2.     Decline of Mughal Empire.

3.     Control over sea routes by Portuguese.

4.     Competition from Bombay were the English East India competition shifted its headquater in 1668.