Class 7 Human settlement 1

LESSON 7 (GEOGRAPHY)

HUMAN ENVIRONMENT SETTLEMENT, TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION

Q1. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:-

Q1. What is site? Which condition are required for selection of an ideal site?

Ans: The place where a building or a settlement develops is called its site. The natural condition for selection of an ideal site are:-

1.     Favourable climate

2.     Availability of water

3.     Suitable land

4.     Fertile land

Q2. What do you mean by settlement? Write its types and explain.

Ans: Settlement are places where people build their homes. It is of two types:-

1.     Permanent settlement: In permanent settlement, people build homes to live in.

2.     Temporary settlement: Settlement which are occupied for a short time are called temporary settlement. The people living in deep forest, hot and cold deserts and mountains. They practice hunting, getting, shifting and cultivation.

Q3. Why people are moving from villages to city?

Ans: People are moving from villages to city for jobs, better education and medical facilities.

Q4. What do you mean by rural and urban settlement?

Ans: Rural: people living in villages.

It further divided into parts compact settlement and scattered settlement.

Compact settlement: Compact settlement is closely built area of dwellings where ever flatland is available.

Scattered Settlement: Where dwellings are spaced over an extensive area. This type of settlement is mostly found in hilly tracts.

Q5. Why early people lived near river valley?

Ans: Early people lived near river valley due to availability of water and fertile land.

Q6. What do you mean by transport? Write its types.

Ans: Transport is the means by which people and good move. The four major means of transport are roadways, railways, waterways, airways.

Q7. What do you mean by subway?

Ans: Road built underground are called subways.

Q8. For what purpose sea route are used?

Ans: Inland waterways are used for Navigation Rivers and lakes.

Q9. For what purpose sea routes are used?

Ans: Sea routes are used for transporting merchandise and goods from one country to another.

Q10. Write some ports of the world.

Ans: Some ports of the world are Singapore and Mumbai in Asia, New York, and Los Angles in North America, Rio De Janerio in South America, Durban and Cape Town in Africa, Sydney in Australia, London and Rotterdam in Europe.

Q11. What are waterways? Write its types?

Ans: Waterways are the cheapest for carrying heavy are bulky goods over long distances. They are mainly of two types’ inland waterways and sea routes.

Q12. Why airways are so expensive?

Ans: Airways are so expensive due to high cost of fuel.

Q13. Mention any two merits of railways.

Ans:

1.     It is the cheapest mode of transport.

2.     It is also the fastest means of transport.

3.     The railways carry heavy goods and people over long distances quickly.

Q14. What do you mean by communication?

Ans: Communication is the process of conveying messages to others.

Q15. What is the mass media?

Ans: Through newspaper, radio and television we can communicate with a large number of people. They are therefore called mass media.

Q16. Today’s world is shrinking. Why?

Ans: Today’s world is shrinking due to the invention of internet and advance technology like in early time people had to walk and used animals to carry their goods but now we have metro train, airplane etc. from which we can reach in 1 or 2 hours.

Q17. Why do you mean by metaled and unmetered road?

Ans: Unmetalled road: - the road made by rock particles, sand, mud etc. are known as unmetalled road.

Metaled road: The road made by cement, iron etc. are known as metaled road.

Q18. What is the fastest means of transport?

Ans: Airways is the fastest means of transport.

Q19. How air traffic is affected?

Ans: Air traffic is adversely affected by bad weather like fog and storms.

Q20. How helicopter is useful in remote area and why?

Ans: Helicopter is useful in remote area where there are no roads and railways. It is useful:-

1.     In most inaccessible area.

2.     In time of calamities for rescuing people.

3.     Distributing food, water, clothes and medicines.

Q21. How satellites are useful?

Ans: Satellites are useful because:-

1.     Satellites have made communication even faster.

2.     Satellite have helped in oil exploration, survey of forests, underground water and mineral wealth.

3.     Satellites have also helped in weather forecasting and disaster warming.

Q22. Write uses of internet.

Ans: Uses of internet are:-

1.     It provides us worldwide information.

2.     We can have a video chatting through internet, with the people who are sitting far away from us.

3.     We can have online shopping also.

4.     We can reserve tickets for railways, airways even and cinemas and hotel sitting at home.

5.     Internet is a good source of entertainment.

Q23. Which is the highest roadways in the world?

Ans: Leh- Manali.

Q23. What do you mean by transhumance?

Ans: It is a seasonal movement of people who rear animals move in search of new pastures according to the change of seasons.